Cross References and Study Notes for the Book of Revelation

Compiled and prepared by Tim Uhl (uhl@impulse.net)

Last updated 7/24/2025

Compiled from multiple sources, including:

• A majority of the references and notes are taken from a class taught by Riva Robinson in 2022-2025. I am very grateful to him for patiently teaching a group of us what it really means to let the bible interpret itself.
• Online list taken from "Revelation - Allusions from Old Testament", by Julian Spriggs M.A. (https://www.julianspriggs.co.uk/pages/RevelationAllusionsOT)
• "Old Testament References in the Book of Revelation"
  By: Dr. Arnold G. Fruchtenbaum, Th.M., Ph.D.
  Founder and Director of Ariel Ministries
• The compiler added a few cross references and notes not taken from any existing source
• Some cross references from the above external sources were discarded which didn't make sense to the compiler
• To do: Compare cross-references and notes with "The Great Prophetic Books of Daniel and Revelation", published by Andrews University Press
• To do: Compare https://biblicalblueprints.com/Sermons/New%20Testament/Revelation/Revelation%201_1-11/GraphicsCharts/Cross%20References
• To do: Compare https://talmidimway.org/commentary/revelation/
• To do: Compare cross-references with Treasury of Scripture Knowledge, Enhanced, v1.2
• To do: Compare cross-references with Nelson premium NKJV Reference Bible

General hints for effective study of Revelation

• Revelation was written by John, an apostle to the Jews (Galatians 2:78-9), to a first century Jewish audience (the seven churches in Asia minor). Revelation was written with the expectation that his first century Jewish readers would understand what he was writing. This means that we must read and interpret the book, as much as possible, as a first century Jew would. The religious, historical, and cultural context of his initial readers must be considered. The Jewish mindset, experience, and scriptural understanding must be considered when interpreting. We are NOT to interpret the allusions and symbols in a way that might seem natural to us modern readers, but would have been foreign to the initial audience. If our desired interpretation would not have reasonably entered the thinking of the initial audience, we are off track and are instead inserting our own narrative into John's letter to the seven churches of Asia Minor.
• People who struggle with Revelation generally do so because of a lack of old testament bible literacy. One of the reasons this book strikes us as strange is because of our lack of understanding concerning the Old Testament. The Book of Revelation consists of 404 verses that contain over 800 allusions to the Old Testament. Some of these references back to the Old Testament do speak of the very same thing as the Revelation. However, in others, the Revelation merely borrows a phrase or motif for the purpose of developing a new area. This distinction should be kept in mind in the study of those Old Testament references.
• When a truly new symbol is given in Revelation, it will be interpreted immediately. Otherwise, we need to go to the old testament to find the meaning.
• Revelation is not chronological. It has a chaiastic structure. Attempting to put things in a time sequence will lead to confusion.
• Keep track of the dragon! The devil is always switching costumes. Don't focus on the earthly kingdoms and powers. The earthly instruments the devil uses are not reliable, so the devil needs to keep changing. The devil switches partners when he loses.
• The chapter breaks are artificial and arbitrary. Ignore them and don't get hung up on chapters.

How to use these cross references and study notes

• Cross references to old testament allusions use a right arrow (⇒) pointing to the cross reference.
• Most cross references are allusions to passages in the old testament. Although passages from the OT are never directly quoted, the Book of Revelation is thoroughly soaked in the thinking and language of the Old Testament.
• These cross references are undoubtedly not an exhaustive list, and there are likely some errors, but these should become apparent during study. Please contact the compiler when you find errors or areas for improvement!
• These allusions come from many of the OT books, but particularly Exodus, the Psalms and many of the prophets, particularly Isaiah, Ezekiel and Daniel.
• The allusions are listed in the order they appear in the Book of Revelation. Where the same allusion from the OT is used in more than one place in the Book of Revelation, the list includes it at its first occurrence, together with a list of the other references where it is used.

General notes on the Book of Revelation

• There is a striking similarity between Revelation and the gospel of John: 22 chapters, prologue and epilogue
• In Revelation chapters 2 and 3, the seven churches (who are the audience to which the book was written) can be viewed as sort of an index to the Book of Revelation. See the table below for a summary of the churches and how they fit together and are connected. The seven churches are not presented as a sequence, but as a co-existing group. The messages are always given to "the churches", plural.

Notes and cross-references to Allusions, Prophetic Imagery, Visitations, and Stories in the Book of Revelation

Revelation 1:1

The stated purpose of the book is to show "things which must shortly take place".

Revelation 1:1; 22:6

Revelation of Jesus Christ ⇒ Daniel 2:28,29,45

Revelation 1:3

The blessing is promised to the reader and hearer. In Rev. 22:18, the hearer is responsible for not adding or removing anything from the book.

Revelation 1:4; 4:5; 5:6

seven spirits ⇒ Zechariah 4:2,10; Isaiah 11:1-2

Revelation 1:4,8; 4:8; 11:17; 16:5

him who is and who was and who is to come ⇒ Exodus 3:14; Isaiah 41:4

Revelation 1:5

Jesus the firstborn of the dead, ruler of kings ⇒ Psalm 89:27

washed us from our sins in His own blood ⇒ Genesis 49:11; Psalm 130:8; Isaiah 40:2

Revelation 1:6; 5:10

made us kings and priests ⇒ Exodus 19:6; Isaiah 61:6

Revelation 1:7

coming with the clouds ⇒ Daniel 7:13

even those who pierced him ⇒ Zechariah 12:10-14

all the tribes of the earth will wail ⇒ Zechariah 12:12

Revelation 1:8; 1:17; 2:8

the first and the last ⇒ Isaiah 41:4; Isaiah 44:6, Isaiah 48:12

Revelation 1:10; 4:1

voice like a trumpet ⇒ Exodus 19:16

Revelation 1:10

in the Spirit, loud voice ⇒ Ezekiel 3:12

Revelation 1:12

lampstand ⇒ Exodus 25:31-37; Exodus 37:23; IKings 7:49; Zechariah 4:2

Revelation 1:13; 14:14

One like the Son of Man ⇒ Daniel 7:13; Daniel 10:5,16

Revelation 1:13

man clothed in a long robe, golden sash ⇒ Ezekiel 9:2,11; Daniel 10:5

Revelation 1:14

hair like white wool ⇒ Daniel 7:9; Daniel 10:6

Revelation 1:14-15; 2:18; 19:12

eyes like flame, feet like bronze ⇒ Ezekiel 1:7; Daniel 10:6

Revelation 1:15

Feet like brass ⇒ Ezekiel 1:7,24; Daniel 10:6

voice like many waters ⇒ Ezekiel 1:24, Ezekiel 43:2; Daniel 10:6

Blazing Christ ⇒ Daniel 7:9; Daniel 10:5-6

Father and Son ⇒ Daniel 12:5; John 14:7-14

Revelation 1:16; 2:12,16; 19:15

from mouth sharp sword ⇒ Isaiah 49:2; IIThessalonians 2:8; Isaiah 11:4; (Matt 28:3-5)

Revelation 1:16

Countance like the sun ⇒ Judges 5:31

Revelation 1:17; 2:8; 1:8

first and the last ⇒ Isaiah Isaiah 41:4; 44:6, Isaiah 48:12

Revelation 1:17

fell on face as though dead ⇒ Daniel 8:17-18; Daniel 10:9-10,12,15,19

placed right hand on me ⇒ Daniel 10:18

Revelation 1:18

He who lives, and was dead ⇒ Job 3:17; Hosea 13:14

Revelation 2:4

left your first love ⇒ Jeremiah 2:2

Revelation 2:7; 22:2,19

tree of life ⇒ Genesis 2:8-9; Genesis 3:22-24; Ezekiel 47:12; Proverbs 11:30; Proverbs 13:12

Revelation 2:7

paradise of God ⇒ Ezekiel 28:13, Ezekiel 31:8-9

Revelation 2:10

ten days prison, testing ⇒ Daniel 1:12,14

Revelation 2:12

see Rev. 1:16

Revelation 2:14; 2:20

teaching of Balaam, fornication ⇒ Numbers 22-26; Numbers 31:16; Revelation 7, 14, 21

See "not defiled with women" Rev. 14:4

Revelation 2:17

hidden manna ⇒ Exodus 16:4; Exodus 16:33-34; Psalm 78:24

a new name ⇒ Isaiah 62:2; Isaiah 65:15

Revelation 2:18

eyes like flame of fire ⇒ Daniel 10:6

Revelation 2:20-23

Jezebel ⇒ IKings 16; IKings 18; IIKings 9; Revelation 17

Revelation 2:23

God searches minds and hearts ⇒ Psalm 7:9; Psalm 26:2; Jeremiah 11:20, Jeremiah 17:10

give as your works deserve ⇒ Psalm 28:4; Psalm 62:12; Proverbs 24:12

Revelation 2:26-27

authority over nations, rule with iron rod ⇒ Psalm 2:7-9

break to pieces like a potter's vessel ⇒ Psalm 2:9; Isaiah 30:14; Jeremiah 19:11

Revelation 3:4-5

white garments ⇒ Ecclesiastes 9:8

Revelation 3:5

not blot name out of book of life ⇒ Exodus 32:32-33; Psalm 69:28; Daniel 12:1

Revelation 3:7

key of David; opens and no one shuts, shuts and no one opens ⇒ (Hilkiah); Job 12:14; Isaiah 22:20-22; Isaiah 36, 37; IIKings 18, 19

Revelation 3:9

worship before your feet and learn that I have loved you ⇒ Isaiah 43:4; Isaiah 45:14; Isaiah 49:23; Isaiah 60:14

Revelation 3:12

write a new name ⇒ Isaiah 62:2, Isaiah 65:15

name of the citry ⇒ Ezekiel 48:35

Revelation 3:14

the beginning of the creation of God ⇒ Genesis 49:3; Deuteronomy 21:17

Revelation 3:17

I am rich, I have prospered ⇒ Hosea 12:8

Revelation 3:18

Come buy from God ⇒ Isaiah 55:1

Revelation 3:19

discipline those I love ⇒ Proverbs 3:12

Revelation 4

Throne Scene Four beasts, full of eyes, lion / calf / man / eagle ⇒ Ezekiel 1; Isaiah 6

Revelation 4:2,9,10; 5:1,7,13; 6:16; 7:10,15; 19:4; 21:5

one seated on a throne ⇒ IKings 22:19; IIChronicles 18:18; Psalm 47:8; Isaiah 6:1; Ezekiel 1:26-28; Daniel 7:9

Revelation 4:3

like jasper and carnelian, rainbow ⇒ Ezekiel 1:26-28; Ezekiel 10:1

Revelation 4:4

24 elders ⇒ IChronicles 25; Isaiah 24:23

Revelation 4:5; 16:18

lightning, peals of thunder ⇒ Exodus 19:16; Ezekiel 1:13

Revelation 4:5

seven lamps ⇒ Exodus 25:37; Isaiah 11:2

Revelation 4:6

sea of glass ⇒ Exodus 24:10; Ezekiel 1:22

Revelation 4:6-7

4 living creatures ⇒ Ezekiel 1:5-10, Ezekiel 10:14

Revelation 4:8

living creatures full of eyes ⇒ Ezekiel 1:18, Ezekiel 10:12

4 living creatures with 6 wings singing holy, holy, holy ⇒ Isaiah 6:2-3

Revelation 4:9

one who lives forever and ever ⇒ Deuteronomy 32:40; Daniel 4:34, Daniel 6:26, Daniel 12:7

Revelation 4:11

God the Creator ⇒ Genesis 1:1

Revelation 5

The Lamb ⇒ Genesis 22:8; Exodus 12:1-7; John 1:29; Passover motif in John

Seven Seals:

The seals prevent the second coming. The seals are NOT the contents of the scroll!

Leviticus 26 (blessings and curses)

Revelation 5:1

scroll written on inside and back ⇒ Ezekiel 2:9-10

sealed up scroll ⇒ Daniel 12:4

Revelation 5:3

no one in heaven or on earth or under the earth ⇒ Exodus 20:4

Revelation 5:5

Lion of the tribe of Judah ⇒ (Jacob's will) ; Genesis 49:8-10

Root of David ⇒ Isaiah 11:1,10

Revelation 5:6

seven spirits ⇒ Isaiah 11:2

seven eyes ⇒ Zechariah 3:8-9; Zechariah 4:10

Revelation 5:6,12

lamb as if it had been slaughtered ⇒ Isaiah 53:7

Revelation 5:8; 8:3-4

incense - prayers of saints ⇒ Psalm 141:2

Revelation 5:9; 14:3

sing a new song ⇒ Psalm 33:3; Psalm 40:3; Psalm 91:1; Psalm 98:1; Psalm 144:9; Psalm 149:1; Isaiah 42:10

Revelation 5:10

kings and priests ⇒ Exodus 19:6; Isaiah 61:6 (see Rev. 1:6)

Revelation 5:11

myriads and thousands ⇒ Daniel 7:10

Revelation 5:12

to receive power, wealth, wisdom ⇒ IChronicles 29:11

Revelation 6:1-8

First Four Seals: 4 Horses ⇒ Zechariah 1:7-21; Zechariah 6:1-8; Matthew 24

Four horses are not sequential; occur in different parts of the world

Revelation 6:2; 19:11

white horse ⇒ Zechariah 1:8; Zechariah 6:3,6

Revelation 6:4

red horse ⇒ Zechariah 1:8; Zechariah 6:2

Revelation 6:5

black horse ⇒ Zechariah 6:2,6

Revelation 6:8

kill with sword famine pestilence ⇒ Jeremiah 14:12; Jeremiah 15:2-3; Jeremiah 24:10; Jeremiah 29:17; Ezekiel 5:12,17; Ezekiel 14:21; Ezekiel 33:27; Hosea 13:14

pale horse ⇒ Zechariah 6:3

Revelation 6:9-11

5th seal, martyr prophets, Smyrna overcoming ⇒ Matthew 5:1-12; John 15:18-25; John 16:1-3

Revelation 6:10

avenge our blood ⇒ Deuteronomy 32:43; IIKings 9:7; Psalm 79:10

Revelation 6:12

sun and moon grow dark ⇒ Isaiah 50:3; Joel 2:10; Joel 2:30-31; Matthew 24:29

Revelation 6:12; 9:2

great earthquake ⇒ Exodus 19:18

Revelation 6:12-16

6th Seal ⇒ Isaiah 2:10-22

6th seal is the second coming.

Revelation 6:12-13

sun became black, moon like blood ⇒ Joel 2:31; Isaiah 13:10; Jeremiah 4:23-28; Ezekiel 32:7-8; Joel 2:10; Joel 3:15

Revelation 6:13

stars of heaven fell as a fig tree drops its fruit ⇒ Isaiah 34:4

Revelation 6:14

sky vanished like a scroll ⇒ Isaiah 34:4; Nahum 1:5

Revelation 6:15

hide in caves and rocks ⇒ Psalm 48:4-6; Isaiah 2:10-12,19,21; Jeremiah 4:29

Revelation 6:16

call to mountains - fall on us ⇒ Hosea 10:8

Revelation 6:17

great day of wrath who can stand? ⇒ Psalm 76:7; Jeremiah 30:7; Nahum 1:6; Zephaniah 1:14-18; Joel 2:11; Malachi 3:2

Revelation 7:1-8

Numbering of Israel (144,000) ⇒ Numbers 26; Exodus 18

The numbering of Israel followed the sin at Baal-Peor. A re-counting was needed to determine the inheritance of each tribe.

Revelation 7:1

four winds of earth ⇒ Jeremiah 49:36; Ezekiel 37:9; Daniel 7:2; Zechariah 6:5; Isaiah 11:2

Revelation 7:3; 9:4; 14:1

mark servants with seal in their foreheads ⇒ Ezekiel 9:4-6

Revelation 7:9-17

Multitude ⇒ Isaiah 60:1-5; (gentiles coming to the Lord bringing their riches)

After listing the 144,000 from the 12 tribes of Israel, a group of gentiles ("nations, tribes, peoples, and tongues") is described.

Revelation 7:10

salvation belongs to our God ⇒ Psalm 3:8

Revelation 7:14

come out of great ordeal ⇒ Daniel 12:1

washed their robes in blood ⇒ Genesis 49:11

Revelation 7:16

hunger thirst no more, sun not strike them, guide by springs of water ⇒ Psalm 121:5-6; Isaiah 49:10

Revelation 7:17

lamb will be their shepherd ⇒ Psalm 23:1-2; Ezekiel 34:23

springs of water ⇒ Jeremiah 2:13

Revelation 7:17; 21:4

Lord will wipe away tears ⇒ Isaiah 25:8, Isaiah 35:10, Isaiah 65:19

Revelation 8

The seven trumpets frame the millenium. The seven trumpets take place during the millenium.

Trumpets ⇒ Joel 2:1-11

Revelation 8:3; 9:13

incense on altar ⇒ Exodus 30:1-3; Leviticus 16:12; Psalm 141:2

Revelation 8:5

threw fire on earth ⇒ Ezekiel 10:2

thunder, lightning, trumpet ⇒ Exodus 19:16-19

Revelation 8:7; (9:2?)

fire hurled to earth ⇒ Genesis 19:24; Exodus 9:23-25; Psalm 18:13; Isaiah 28:2; Ezekiel 38:22

Revelation 8:8; 11:6; 16:3-4

sea became blood ⇒ Exodus 7:17-21

Revelation 8:10; 9:1

star fell from heaven ⇒ Isaiah 14:12-14

Revelation 8:11

wormwood ⇒ Proverbs 5:3-4; Jeremiah 9:15; Jeremiah 23:15

Revelation 8:12; 16:10

sun darkened ⇒ (Exodus 10:31 doesn't exist!); Isaiah 8:22, Isaiah 13:10; Ezekiel 32:7-8; Joel 2:10, Joel 3:15

Revelation 9:1-12

Fifth trumpet sounding, bottomless pit opened. ⇒ See Rev. 20 for timing and context of the bottomless pit.

Fifth, sixth, and seventh trumpets take place AFTER the millenium

Isaiah 65:17-23; Righteous and wicked living together after the second resurrection

See Philippians 2:8-11 (every knee shall bow)

description of locusts ⇒ Exodus 10:12-15; Deuteronomy 28:42; IKings 8:37; Psalm 78:46; Joel 1:2-2:11

Revelation 9:1

star fallen from heaven ⇒ Isaiah 14:12-14

Revelation 9:2

smoke like a furnace ⇒ Genesis 19:28; Exodus 19:18

Revelation 9:4

do not harm those with the seal/mark ⇒ Ezekiel 9:4

Revelation 9:6

seek death, not find it ⇒ Job 3:21; Jeremiah 8:3

Revelation 9:7-9

locusts like horses ⇒ Joel 1:6, Joel 2:4-5

Revelation 9:11

bottomless pit ⇒ Job 26:6; Job 28:22; Job 31:12; Psalm 88:11; Proverbs 15:11

Revelation 9:14

Euphrates River ⇒ Genesis 15:18; Deuteronomy 1:7; Joshua 1:4

Revelation 9:16

200 million cavalry ⇒ Ezekiel 38:14; Psalm 68:17

Revelation 9:17

fire smoke sulphur from mouths ⇒ Job 41:19-20; Genesis 19:24-28(weak?

Revelation 9:20

worshipping demons ⇒ Deuteronomy 32:17

works of their hands ⇒ Deuteronomy 4:28

idols cannot see hear or walk ⇒ Psalm 115:4-7; Psalm 135:15-16; Daniel 5:23

Revelation 10

Revelation 10 is the first(?) interlude.

The trumpets frame the millenium.

Seven Thunders??? One foot on sea, other on earth? Mystery of God finished?

Revelation 10:1

rainbow over head ⇒ Ezekiel 1:26-28

pillar of fire ⇒ Exodus 14:19,24, Exodus 13:21-22

Revelation 10:3

like lion roaring ⇒ Hosea 11:10; Amos 3:8

Revelation 10:4

7 thunders ⇒ Psalm 29

seal up 7 thunders ⇒ Daniel 8:26, Daniel 12:4.9

Revelation 10:5-6

lift hand to heaven and swear ⇒ Deuteronomy 32:40; Daniel 12:7

Revelation 10:6; 14:7

him who created heaven, earth and sea ⇒ Genesis 1:1; Genesis 14:19,22; Exodus 20:11; Nehemiah 9:6; Psalm 146:6

Revelation 10:7

mystery announced to servants the prophets ⇒ Daniel 9:6,10; Amos 3:7

Revelation 10:8-10

Eating the book which is sweet as honey in the mouth ⇒ Ezekiel 2:8-3:3; Psalm 119:103; See scroll. Revelation 5:1-3

Revelation 10:11

prophesy before peoples, nations, languages and kings ⇒ Jeremiah 1:10; Daniel 7:14

Revelation 11:1

rod to measure temple ⇒ Ezekiel 40:3-4; Ezekiel 40-43; Zechariah 2:1-2

Revelation 11:2

nations trample holy city ⇒ Psalm 79:1; Isaiah 63:18; Zechariah 12:3

Revelation 11:3

two witnesses in sackcloth ⇒ Deuteronomy 19:15; Jeremiah 4:8; John 8:12-20

Revelation 11:4

2 olive trees, 2 lampstands ⇒ Zechariah 4:1-3,11-14

Revelation 11:5

fire pours from mouth consumes foes ⇒ Numbers 16:35; IISamuel 22:9; IIKings 1:10-12; Psalm 97:3; Jeremiah 5:14

Revelation 11:6

authority to shut sky, no rain ⇒ IKings 17:1

power over waters to turn them into blood ⇒ Exodus 7:19-25

Revelation 11:7

beast make war on them and kill them ⇒ Daniel 7:3,7-8,21

Revelation 11:8

"Sodom and Egypt" - God Himself had to come and rescue His people from these places.

Sodom and Egypt where Lord crucified ⇒ Isaiah 1:9-10; Isaiah 3:9; Jeremiah 23:14; Ezekiel 16:46-49; Ezekiel 23:3,8,19,27

Revelation 11:9

dead bodies not buried ⇒ Psalm 79:2-3

Revelation 11:11

breath entered them, stood on feet ⇒ Ezekiel 37:5,9-10

Revelation 11:12

voice from heaven, come up here ⇒ IIKings 2:11

Revelation 11:13

great earthquake, tenth of city fell ⇒ Ezekiel 38:19-20

Revelation 11:15

Lord will reign forever ⇒ Exodus 15:18; Psalm 10:16; Psalm 22:28; Daniel 2:44-45; Daniel 7:13-14,27; Zechariah 14:9

Revelation 11:18

the nations raged ⇒ Psalm 2:1-3; Psalm 46:6

rewarding your servants small and great ⇒ Psalm 115:13

your servants the prophets ⇒ Daniel 9:6,10; Amos 3:7; Zechariah 1:6

Revelation 11:19

flashes of lightning ⇒ Exodus 9:24; Exodus 19:16; Ezekiel 1:13

Ark of covenant in temple ⇒ IKings 8:1,6

Revelation 12

Chapter 12 uses imagery of the exodus.

"child caught up to heaven" - type is Moses

The Child-Deliverer ⇒ Genesis 3:15; Micah 5:2-4; Psalm 2:7-9; Genesis 22:18

Michael ⇒ Daniel 12:1 See Son of Man; Daniel 7, Lord Sabaoth (Hosts)

The Dragon ⇒ Isaiah 27

Leviathan / Sea Monster ⇒ Isaiah 60:1-5; Psalm 74:13,14; Isaiah 27:1; Isaiah 30:7; Isaiah 51:9,10; Psalm 89:10; Ezekiel 29:3; Ezekiel 32:2

Revelation 12:1

sun, moon, and stars ⇒ Genesis 37:9-11

Revelation 12:2

pregnant woman about to give birth ⇒ Isaiah 26:7,17-18; Isaiah 66:7; Micah 4:9-10; Micah 5:3

Revelation 12:3

seven heads and ten horns ⇒ Daniel 7:7,20,24

Revelation 12:4

dragon's tail swept down third of stars ⇒ Daniel 8:10

Revelation 12:5

woman gave birth to male child ⇒ Isaiah 7:14; Isaiah 66:7

Revelation 12:5; 19:15

son rule nations with rod of iron ⇒ Psalm 2:7-9

Revelation 12:7

Michael fought against dragon and angels ⇒ Daniel 10:13,21, Daniel 12:1

Revelation 12:9

serspent of old (Satan) ⇒ Genesis 3:1; Job 1:6; Job 2:1; Zechariah 3:1

Revelation 12:10

Dragon - accuser of brothers ⇒ Job 1:9-11; Job 2:4-5; Zechariah 3:1

Revelation 12:14

woman carried on wings of eagle ⇒ Exodus 19:4; Deuteronomy 32:11; Isaiah 40:31

time, times and half a time ⇒ Daniel 7:25; Daniel 12:7

nourish her in the wilderness ⇒ Hosea 2:14-15

Revelation 12:15

water out of his mouth like a flood ⇒ Hosea 15:10

Revelation 12:16

earth swallowed river ⇒ Exodus 15:12

Revelation 12:17

dragon made war on children of woman ⇒ Daniel 7:7,21; Genesis 3:15

Revelation 13

Image set up which must be worshipped ⇒ Daniel 3

Revelation 13:1-2

Composite Sea Beasts with Dragon underneath ⇒ Daniel 7

Revelation 13:3

all the world marvelled and followed the beast ⇒ IKings 4:34; IKings 10:24

Revelation 13:4

beast given authority/power by dragon ⇒ Daniel 8:24 (?)

Revelation 13:5

beast uttering haughty blasphemous words ⇒ Daniel 7:8,11,20,25; Daniel 11:36

beast authority for 42 months ⇒ Daniel 7:25

Revelation 13:7

allowed to make war on saints and conquer them ⇒ Daniel 7:21

Revelation 13:8; 17:8; 20:12,15; 21:27

book of life of Lamb ⇒ Exodus 32:32-33; Psalm 69:28; Isaiah 53:7; Daniel 12:1

Revelation 13:10

to be taken captive, into captivity you go ⇒ Jeremiah 15:2; Jeremiah 43:11

Revelation 13:11

two horns ⇒ Daniel 8:3

Revelation 13:11-18

Two horned beast, speaks like a dragon. Not found in the old testament!

Revelation 13:18

the number of a man: His number is 666 ⇒ IKings 10; IIChronicles 9; Deuteronomy 17:14-20; ISamuel 8:4-18; IKings 11

The number 666 is an allusion to the annual weight of gold solomon received. The character of Solomon is represented in the beast of Revelation 13.

Revelation 18 also uses the imagery of Solomon, especially as relating to his business with neighboring nations.

Revelation 13:13

beast - fire down from heaven ⇒ IKings 18:24-39

in the sight of men ??? ⇒ IKings 1:9-12

Revelation 13:15

worshipping image of beast ⇒ Daniel 3:5-6

Revelation 13:16; 14:1

marked on right hand or forehead ⇒ Exodus 13:9; Deuteronomy 6:8; Isaiah 44:5; Ezekiel 9:4

Revelation 14

144,000 ⇒ Numbers 31:15,16; See notes on Revelation 7

Revelation 14:1

standing on Mt Zion ⇒ Psalm 2:6; Job 2:32 (<- wrong reference!)

Revelation 14:2

voice like sound of many waters and loud thunder ⇒ Ezekiel 1:24; Ezekiel 43:2-3

Revelation 14:3

new song ⇒ Psalm 144:9

Revelation 14:4

like virgins ⇒ IIKings 19:21; Lamentations 1:15; Jeremiah 18:13; Amos 5:2

"not defiled with women" is an allusion to the story of the sin at Baal-Peor. Note that Israel needed to be renumbered after that incident in order to calculate their tribal inheritance.

Revelation 14:5

no lie in their mouth ⇒ Isaiah 53:9

Revelation 14:6-7

1st Angel’s Message: Fear the Creator ⇒ Exodus 20:4,5,8-11

Revelation 14:8

2nd Angel’s Message: Babylon is fallen ⇒ Daniel 5???; Isaiah 21:9; Jeremiah 51:7,8

Revelation 14:8; 18:2

Fallen fallen is Babylon the great, made nations drink of her wine ⇒ Isaiah 21:9; Jeremiah 51:7-8

Revelation 14:9-13

3rd Angel's Message ⇒ Psalm 75:7,8

Revelation 14:10; 15:7; 16:19; 21:8

drink wine of God's wrath, fire and sulphur ⇒ Genesis 19:24; Psalm 11:6; Psalm 75:8; Job 21:20; Isaiah 51:17,22; Jeremiah 25:15; Ezekiel 38:22

Revelation 14:11; 19:3

smoke go up forever ⇒ Isaiah 34:10

Revelation 14:14

Son of Man on Clouds ⇒ Daniel 7:13,14; Matthew 24:30,31; Matthew 26:64; See Revelation 1:7

Revelation 14:15-20

sickle ⇒ Joel 3:13; See Revelation 11:9; Matthew 13:26-27; Revelation 19:15-16

Revelation 14:19-20

winepress ⇒ Isaiah 63:1-6; Lamentations 1:15; Joel 3:13

Revelation 15

Plagues as the Presence of God ⇒ Psalm 18:6-15; Habakkuk 3:3-16; Psalm 73:17-20

Revelation 15:1

Harvest of wrath / winepress ⇒ Isaiah 63:1-6; Joel 3:13

Revelation 15:1,6

7 angels with 7 plagues ⇒ Leviticus 26:21

Revelation 15:3

song of Moses ⇒ Exodus 15:1-18; Deuteronomy 31:30-32:44; Psalm 139:14; Psalm 145:7; Jeremiah 10:10; Amos 3:13; Amos 4:13

just and true are your ways, ⇒ Deuteronomy 32:4; Psalm 92:5; Psalm 111:2

Revelation 15:4

all nations shall come and worship ⇒ Psalm 86:9; Psalm 98:2; Psalm 144:17; Jeremiah 10:6-7; Isaiah 66:23; Malachi 1:11

Revelation 15:5

tabernacle / tent of witness ⇒ Exodus 38:21; Exodus 40:34; Numbers 17:7; Numbers 18:2

Revelation 15:6

seven plagues ⇒ Leviticus 26:21

Revelation 15:7

bowls full of the wrath of God ⇒ Jeremiah 25:15

Revelation 15:8

temple filled with smoke ⇒ Exodus 40:34-35; IKings 8:10-11; Isaiah 6:1-4; IIChronicles 5:13-14; Ezekiel 44:4

seven plagues ⇒ Leviticus 26:21

Revelation 16:1

pour out wrath of God ⇒ Psalm 69:24; Psalm 79:6; Isaiah 66:6; Jeremiah 10:25; Ezekiel 22:31; Zephaniah 3:8

Revelation 16:2

Plague #1: Sores ⇒ Exodus 4:6-8; Numbers 12:10; IIChronicles 26:16-23; Exodus 9:9-11; (See Egyptian Plague #5); Deuteronomy 28:27; Deuteronomy 28:35

Revelation 16:3

Plague #2: Water turned to Blood in the sea. ⇒ Exodus 7:17-25

Revelation 16:4-7

Plague #3 - Fresh Water turned into blood ⇒ Exodus 7:14-25; (Egyptian Plague #1); Psalm 78:44

Revelation 16:5; 16:7

judgements are just ⇒ Deuteronomy 32:4; Psalm 19:9; Psalm 119:137; Psalm 145:17

Revelation 16:6

shed blood of saints and prophets ⇒ Psalm 79:3

given them blood to drink ⇒ Isaiah 49:26

Revelation 16:7

judgements are just: See Rev. 16:5

Revelation 16:8-9

Plague #4 - Scorching of men with heat from the sun ⇒ Isaiah 13:6-9

Revelation 16:10

Plague #5 - Plague of Darkness on seat of the beast ⇒ Exodus 10:21-23; (9th Egyptian Plague); Psalm 18:8-12

Selective darkness. Polarity of God's presence

Revelation 16:12-16

Plague #6 - Armageddon, Gog and Magog, Nations attack from the north ⇒ Ezekiel 38-39

Note that the greek "Armageddon" and the hebrew "God and Magog" are a transliteration of the same thing.

Revelation 16:12

Drying up of Euphrates - Fall of Babylon in one night ⇒ Daniel 5; Isaiah 44:27,28; Jeremiah 50:35-38; Jeremiah 51:36-37

Revelation 16:13

foul spirits like frogs ⇒ Exodus 8:1-15

Revelation 16:14

lying spirits ⇒ IKings 22:21-23

Revelation 16:16

Gog and Magog / Armageddon ⇒ See Revelation 20:8; Ezekiel 38-39; Judges 5:19; IIKings 9:27; IIKings 23:29-30; IIChronicles 35:22; Zechariah 12:11

Plagues fall in one day.  See Day of the LORD. Revelation 18:8; Psalm 73:17-20; Revelation 6:16-17

Revelation 16:17-21

Plague #7- Earthquake ⇒ Psalm 18:7; Habakkuk 3:6-10; Isaiah 13:13; (Day of the LORD Context); Isaiah 24:18-22; Revelation 6:14

Revelation 16:17

voice from temple ⇒ Isaiah 66:6

Revelation 16:18

earthquake such as not occurred since people were upon the earth ⇒ Daniel 12:1

Revelation 16:19

drink cup of wine of God's wrath ⇒ Jeremiah 25:15

Revelation 16:21

hail ⇒ Exodus 9:18-25; Psalm 18:12-14; Ezekiel 38:22,23

Revelation 16:23

dry up Euphrates ⇒ Isaiah 11:15; Isaiah 44:27; Jeremiah 50:38; Jeremiah 51:36

Revelation 17

See Revelation 12, the dragon, the beast that worships the dragon, the second beast that forces the worship of the beast and makes an image to the beast, and talks like a dragon.

Riding the revealing of the Devil??? ⇒ IICorinthians 11:12-15; IIThessalonians 2:4-11

Revelation 17:1-6

Harlot Woman on the beast is Jezebel ⇒ IKings 16; IKings 18; IIKings 9

Revelation 17:1

great whore seated on many waters ⇒ Jeremiah 51:13; Nahum 3:4

Revelation 17:2; 18:3

kings of earth committed fornication ⇒ Isaiah 23:17

Revelation 17:3

beast with ten horns ⇒ Daniel 7:7

Revelation 17:4

adorned with gold, jewels and pearls ⇒ Ezekiel 28:13

golden cup ⇒ Jeremiah 51:7

Revelation 17:8

book of life ⇒ Exodus 32:32-33; Daniel 12:1

Revelation 17:12

10 horns are 10 kings ⇒ Daniel 7:24-25

Revelation 17:14; 19:16

Lord of Lords and King of Kings ⇒ Deuteronomy 10:17; Daniel 2:47

Revelation 17:16; 18:8

harlot burned with fire ⇒ Leviticus 21:9

Revelation 18

Babylon and the 2nd Coming ⇒ See Jeremiah 50-51; Habakkuk; Isaiah 13, 24

Note that the fall of Babylon is often used as a type for human powers that end suddenly and unnaturally by the direct intervention of God.

Revelation 18:1

earth shone with his glory ⇒ Ezekiel 43:2

Revelation 18:2

Babylon become dwelling place of demons, foul and hateful birds ⇒ Isaiah 13:21; Isaiah 34:11-15; Jeremiah 50:39

Babylon is fallen ⇒ Isaiah 21:9; Jeremiah 50:30; Jeremiah 51:37

Revelation 18:3

drank her wine ⇒ Jeremiah 51:7

Revelation 18:4

Come out of her (Babylon) my people ⇒ Isaiah 48:20; Isaiah 52:11; Jeremiah 50:8; Jeremiah 51:6,9,45

Revelation 18:5

sins have reached to heaven, God remembered her iniquities ⇒ Genesis 18:20-21

Revelation 18:6

Render to her as she has rendered, repay double ⇒ Psalm 137:8; Jeremiah 16:18; Jeremiah 17:18; Jeremiah 50:15,29

Revelation 18:7-8

In her heart she says, 'I rule as a queen ...' ⇒ Isaiah 47:7-9; Zephaniah 2:15

plagues will come in one day ⇒ Isaiah 47:9; Jeremiah 50:31-32

Babylon burned with fire ⇒ Jeremiah 50:15,34; Jeremiah 51:25,30,32

Revelation 18:9-19

weep and wail over Babylon ⇒ Ezekiel 26:16-18, Ezekiel 27:26-35; Jeremiah 50:46

Revelation 18:10

Babylon mighty city ⇒ Daniel 4:30

Revelation 18:11

merchants lament over Babylon (Tyre) ⇒ Ezekiel 27:36

Revelation 18:12-13

list of goods no longer traded (Tyre) ⇒ Ezekiel 27:12-25

Revelation 18:15

merchants wailing ⇒ Ezekiel 27:36

Revelation 18:16

adorned with gold, jewels and pearls ⇒ Ezekiel 28:13

Revelation 18:17

riches laid waste ⇒ Ezekiel 27:27-29

Revelation 18:18

seafarers wail (for Tyre) ⇒ Ezekiel 27:32

Revelation 18:19

those who had ships grew rich ⇒ Ezekiel 27:30-34

Revelation 18:20

rejoice over her, O heaven ⇒ Psalm 96:11; Isaiah 44:23; Isaiah 49:13; Jeremiah 51:48

Revelation 18:21

threw millstone into sea ⇒ Jeremiah 51:63-64; Ezekiel 26:21

Revelation 18:22

sound of harpist no more ... ⇒ Isaiah 24:8; Ezekiel 26:13; Jeremiah 25:10

Revelation 18:23

voice of bridegroom and bride heard no more ⇒ Jeremiah 7:34; Jeremiah 16:9; Jeremiah 25:10

merchants were the great men of earth ⇒ Isaiah 23:8

because of your sorceries ⇒ Isaiah 47:9; Nahum 3:4

Revelation 18:24

blood of prophets and saints ⇒ Jeremiah 51:49; Ezekiel 24:7

Revelation 19:1-5

Revenge on Jezebel ⇒ IKings 18:4; IKings 19:10; IIKings 9:7,30-37

avenge on her the blood of his servants ⇒ Deuteronomy 32:43; Psalm 79:10; Jeremiah 51:48

true and righteous are His judgments ⇒ Psalm 19:9; Psalm 119:137

Revelation 19:3

smoke rises up forever and ever ⇒ Isaiah 34:9-10

Revelation 19:5

praise our God, all who fear him ⇒ Psalm 22:23; Psalm 115:13; Psalm 134:1; Psalm 135:1

Revelation 19:6-10

Marriage Supper of the Lamb ⇒ Matthew 25:1-13; Matthew 26:29; Psalm 24 (?); Song of Solomon 3:6-8 (?)

The Feast with the Victor, the King

Revelation 19:6

Lord our God the Almighty reigns ⇒ Exodus 15:18; Psalm 22:28; Psalm 93:1; Psalm 97:1; Psalm 99:1; Ezekiel 1:24; Ezekiel 43:2; Daniel 7:14; Amos 4:13 (?); Zechariah 14:9

voice of a great multitude ⇒ Daniel 10:6

Revelation 19:8

clothed with fine linen ⇒ Isaiah 61:10

Revelation 19:11

in righteousness he judges ⇒ Psalm 96:13; Isaiah 11:4-5

riding ⇒ Psalm 18:10; Psalm 45:3-4

heaven opened ⇒ Ezekiel 1:1

Revelation 19:13

clothed in robe dipped in blood ⇒ Isaiah 63:1-3

Revelation 19:15

rule nations with rod of iron ⇒ Psalm 2:8-9; Isaiah 11:4

treading winepress ⇒ Lamentations 1:15; Isaiah 63:3-6; Joel 3:13

Revelation 19:16

king of kings, lord of lords ⇒ Deuteronomy 10:17

Revelation 19:17-18; 19:21

great supper of God ⇒ Isaiah 34:6-7; Ezekiel 39:17-20

Revelation 19:19

kings gather to make war ⇒ Psalm 2:2,9; Joel 3:9-11

Revelation 19:20

burning with sulphur ⇒ Isaiah 30:33; Daniel 7:11

Revelation 19:20-20:3

The Beast, and False Prophet, bound and imprisoned, chained in the bottomless pit ⇒ Isaiah 24:18-22; Isaiah 13:4-15; Isaiah 63, 64 (check!!!?)

Revelation 19:21

birds were filled with their flesh ⇒ see Revelation 19:17-18

Revelation 20:1-15

Two Resurrections. Blessed and Condemned ⇒ Daniel 12:1-3; John 5:28-29

Revelation 20:2

serpent ⇒ Genesis 3:1,13-14

Revelation 20:3

bottomless pit ⇒ Genesis 1:1-2

Revelation 20:4

thrones - authority to judge ⇒ Daniel 7:9,22,27

Revelation 20:5-6

Fiery New Creation of Heavens and earth ⇒ IIPeter 3:9-13; Isaiah 66:14-17,22-24

2nd death ⇒ Malachi 4:1-3

devil destroyed ⇒ Ezekiel 28:14-19

heaven and earth flee from his presence ⇒ IIPeter 3:9-13; Isaiah 66:14-17,22-24

resurrection ⇒ Isaiah 26:14-19

priests of God, reign with him ⇒ Exodus 19:6; Isaiah 61:6 (previous example?)

Revelation 20:8

four corners of earth, Gog and Magog ⇒ Ezekiel 7:2; Ezekiel 38:2,13-23; Ezekiel 39:1,6; Genesis 10:1-5

Revelation 20:9

fire from heaven, consumed them ⇒ IIKings 1:9-12; Ezekiel 38:22; Ezekiel 39:6

camp of the saints ⇒ Deuteronomy 23:14

Revelation 20:10

fire and sulphur ⇒ Genesis 19:24; Psalm 11:6; Isaiah 30:33; Ezekiel 38:22

Revelation 20:11

earth and heaven fled from his presence ⇒ Psalm 114:3-7; Daniel 2:35

Revelation 20:11-13

book judgment ⇒ Daniel 7:9-12; Malachi 3:16-18; Luke 10:20

Revelation 20:12,14

name in book of life, books were opened ⇒ Exodus 32:32-33; Psalm 69:28; Daniel 7:10; Daniel 12:1

Revelation 20:13; 22:12

give to every one according to his work ⇒ Psalm 28:4; Psalm 62:12; Proverbs 24:12; Isaiah 59:18; Jeremiah 17:10

Revelation 20:15

book of life ⇒ Exodus 32:32-33; Daniel 12:1 (previous example?)

Revelation 21:1-17 (???)

Measurement of the new city: See interlude for the Trumpets measuring the city. (Revelation 11:1-3) ⇒ Ezekiel 40-48 (CHECK THIS!!!???)

Revelation 21:1

new heavens and new earth ⇒ Isaiah 65:17; Isaiah 66:22

Revelation 21:2

Jerusalem holy city ⇒ Isaiah 52:1

prepared as a bride adorned for her husband ⇒ Isaiah 61:10

Revelation 21:3

home of God is among men ⇒ Leviticus 26:11-12; IChronicles 6:18 (wrong!); Ezekiel 37:27; Ezekiel 48:35; Zechariah 2:10

Revelation 21:4

god will wipe away tears ⇒ Isaiah 25:8; Isaiah 35:10; Isaiah 51:11; Isaiah 65:19

Revelation 21:6; 22:13

Alpha and Omega ⇒ Isaiah 44:6; Isaiah 48:12

Revelation 21:6

to the thirsty I will give water ⇒ Psalm 36:9; Isaiah 55:1; Jeremiah 2:13

Revelation 21:9

seven plagues ⇒ Leviticus 26:21 (previous example?)

Revelation 21:10

taken to high mountain to see city ⇒ Exodus 40:2 (wrong reference!)

Revelation 21:11

city has glory of God ⇒ Isaiah 60:1-2,19; Ezekiel 43:2

Revelation 21:12-13

gates inscribed with names of tribes of Israel ⇒ Ezekiel 48:30-35

Revelation 21:15-17

angel with measuring rod, square city ⇒ Ezekiel 40:3-5; Ezekiel 48:16

Revelation 21:19-20

foundations of the wall of the city were adorned with all kinds of precious stones ⇒ Exodus 28:17-21; Exodus 39:10-14; Isaiah 54:11-12

Revelation 21:23; 21:25; 22:5

no night there; the Lord God gives them light ⇒ Isaiah 60:19-20; Zechariah 14:7

Revelation 21:24; 21:26

they shall bring the glory and the honor of the nations ⇒ Isaiah 60:3-5,16; Psalm 72:10-11

nations walk by light of city ⇒ Isaiah 60:3-5,16

Revelation 21:25

no night there; the Lord God gives them light - see Revelation 21:23

gates always open ⇒ Isaiah 60:11; Daniel 7:18,27

Revelation 21:26

they shall bring the glory and the honor of the nations - see Revelation 21:24

Revelation 21:27

nothing that defiles shall enter ⇒ Isaiah 52:1; Ezekiel 44:9; Zechariah 14:21

Revelation 22:1-2

River of Life, Tree of Life ⇒ Genesis 2:8-10; Genesis 3:22-24; Psalm 46:4; Ezekiel 47:1-12; Joel 3:18; Zechariah 14:8

Revelation 22:3

no more curse ⇒ Genesis 3:17-19; Zechariah 14:11

Revelation 22:4

servants see face of God ⇒ Psalm 17:15; Psalm 42:2

mark on the foreheads ⇒ Ezekiel 9:4

Revelation 22:5

no night there; the Lord God gives them light - see Revelation 21:23

they shall reign forever and ever ⇒ Daniel 7:18,22,27;

Revelation 22:10

do not seal up words of book ⇒ Daniel 8:26; Daniel 12:4,9

Revelation 22:11

he who is unjust, let him be unjust still (?) ⇒ Ezekiel 3:27; Daniel 12:10

Revelation 22:12

give to every one according to his work- see Revelation 20:13

his reward is with him ⇒ Isaiah 40:10; Isaiah 62:11

Revelation 22:13

alpha and omega ⇒ Isaiah 44:6

Revelation 22:14

tree of life ⇒ Genesis 2:9; Genesis 3:22-24; Proverbs 11:30

Revelation 22:15

Those outside of the city ⇒ ICorinthians 6:9-10; Galatians 5:19-21; Colossians 3:5-7; Deuteronomy 23:18

Revelation 22:16

root and descendent of David, bright morning star ⇒ Numbers 24:17; Isaiah 11:1,10

Revelation 22:18-19

not to add or take away from words of book ⇒ Deuteronomy 4:2; Deuteronomy 12:32; Deuteronomy 29:19-20

Note that this warning is given to those who hear the words of this prophecy.